This hurt my brain, so I hope I can explain my point without sounding like an r-tard, or stepping on toes. I hate time travel... If I go back in time to kill my father before I was born I would never be born to go back in time to kill my father, so, would I be here now? And, for the record, quantum physics and many theories support time travel in a round about way. Which, of course, sucks because then the questions like the ones above become serious ponderances and thus, more brains will be hurt! But enough of my ramblings.
So far, we have the ever-wonderous crew of the Ent-E that got sucked back in time; stirred the pot, so to speak, and pooped out a new (and thus, feasable as not-quite-Daddy's-Trek-but-close-enough) series based in the stirred pot (NX-01) timeline.
So, assuming no other changes to the timeline (yet - this means no change due to Nemo or Nimrod or whatever his name was), why doesn't the last episode (These Are the Voyages...) end with shots of a more advanced Ent-D? Think about it - if everything you've all mentioned is true, and the Feds, et al, are just a bit more well off early, wouldn't you at least expect to see the Ent-D from All Good Things..., if not something even more advanced? I'm not debunking your theories, but stating that the alternate timeline "ball" was dropped by B&B.
But here is where I have to change the theory and back the new movie nay-sayers and say that it simply could not have happened (science, quantum physiscs, string theory, et al. aside!) the way that it was depicted. I'll buy that TOS era ships would be more powerful in the NX-01 timeline, and even go as far as saying that all future generations of ships from NX-01 on would be bigger and better than in the original timeline (where, perhaps, the NX-01 was named something more fitting like "Earth One" or "Cochrane") simply because of the Defiant in In a Mirror, Darkly. This ship single handedly supports the NX-01 timeline bring more advanced in the near future, with all of those curved handrails and aft firing weapons - you could argue that the ship was just a bit different than 1701, and you'd be right for the wrong reasons. She's different because the timeline is different.
But, you do have to factor in the Nimrod change - Kelvin was destroyed BEFORE the Defiant in IaMD was even comissioned. And since even in the NX-01 timeline we have to assume Defiant and 1701 are of the same breed, we are forced into only two conclusions: JJ messed up his designs for the ships (and thus the movie is wrong) or the Nimrod timeline DOES NOT intersect the established timelines of NX-01 or TOS/TOSR.
Within the Nimrod timeline, so many things simply can not happen due to the changes involved. Starfleet had encountered a future ship that simply decimated one of its most advanced ships in the fleet, without so much as batting an eye. In response, due mostly to paranoia, they accelerated ship designs and fleet production numbers, simply beacuse the best was no longer good enough. Now, play this accelerated growth out all the way to post-Nemisis time. Do you think that the Klingons, Romulans, or even the Borg are a threat to the bigger, badder Starfleet? In the Nimrod timeline, chances are the Federation has assimilated the Borg! First Contact would never have been a movie, and the NX-01 + Nimrod timelines would never have happened. Do you think that even if the Big Bad Ent-E crew had gone back in time to prevent the prevention of First Contact by the Borg they would have left Cochrane without mentioning, "oh, by the way, some super ship from our future is going to obliterate Vulcan, you might want to do something about it."? Prime Directive, Temporal or otherwise, be dammed, Picard would take "billions of lives saved" over "sit back and do nothing" in any timeline. So again, assuming the FC events happened, it would lead to an even more bad a$$ starfleet by the time Nemo shows up. Kelvin may still go down in flames, but the fleet would be in a position to find, track, and eventually destroy the future ship before it gets Vulcan. Which puts us back to the Federation being in a position to totally prevent Wolf 359 from day one, which would prevent the events of the movie FC, which would re-loop to the Nimrod timeline, and a weaker Starfleet, which could allow for the movie FC........... And I hadn't gotten into ST3 and 4, or any other episode, movie, book or anything else that so much as suggests the planet Vulcan.
I have to support the fact that in a pre-Nimrod NX-01 timeline, the Feds are in a much better place technology-wise than they were in TOS. I can even support the "advanced" fleet in the Nimrod timeline. But I have to stay solid in the fact that at first opportunity, someone would take advantage of going back to a pre-Nimrod time and dropping a few hints about the future. The ST11 (Nimrod) timeline has to stand as a seperate entity apart from TOS/R and NX-01 timelines simply because its occurance completely and utterly obliterates anything that could possibly have happened before, durring, or after.
Now, I will leave you with this brain teaser: Why aren't Kirk and Picard close friends?
Assuming that Warp drive, in all of its forms, protects the individual ships from time dialation due to traveling up to and faster than the speed of light, what proects the ships when they are sans-warp traveling at impulse? Even at 1/4c (side note, at ~500 mph the effects are noticeable and recordable, though negligable) the 1701 would age slower. Impulse itself isn't clearly stated as a speed other than increments of Impulse, with a few exceptions, but you can deduce that, due to time dialation, Kirk (well, lets go with Chekov, you know, someone who didn't "die" or go missing or anything else that we know of from canon Trek). It would explain why McCoy was fortunate enough to see the big E-D off in Encounter at Farpoint, but would he have been so old and frail?
Czar "I look forward to this discussion continuing, brain hurt be dammed!" Mohab