Oy! Some of the answers are... Interesting...
Ph-1's are available to the Tholians (always), Vulcans (always), and the Jindarians (yep-always) (see the comment about bases below, EVERYONE had Ph-1's! These guys just make the most use of them).
Tholians are extra galactic, so they don't count.
Year in Service of the Vulcan Cruiser/Destroyer of the early years is Y1... so from a normal SFB POV, Ph-1's are around from Y1, however, it is said that they had the things even before that. Just no Y year.
HOWEVER, Being that they are beyond ancient, the Jindarians had been around more or less forever, with their Ph-1's. Thus, Ph-1's are old. Really old. But I don't like to count the Jindi's in the early years; so looks like Y1 is the Y year, just realize that it is just a friendly way to assign an arbitrary date to something that was around for an undisclosed amount of time.
Don't forget that most bases had Ph-1's instead of Ph-4's, since those really didn't "fit" the period (in terms of technology, cost, or whatever). Ph-1's became the weapon of the "new age" in ~Y126 when the F-CA's started appearing.
The Romulan Warbird had Warp Targeted Lasers until ~Treaty of Smarba. The Fed YCL ("Old" CL) had Ph-2's from day one (~Y88), not getting Ph-1's until it became "old"(~Y140?). The F-WCL (from which the F-YCL, and later F-CL are derrived, is shown with Ph-2's, but could have been with lasers pre-tactical warp, but isn't clearly stated specifically to this class, just a generic blurb about lasers being pre-(tactical) warp... which is why the Romulans don't have much of anything else.
Czar "Does that help?" Mohab