US vessel's have rail guns for small craft and capital ships, as well as missiles (not sure of the warhead) and mark 9 nukes for transporting over to unshielded targets (or shielded if they can bypass them)
On Atlantis, everything uses drones

the puddle jumpers carry ATLEAST 8 each that have been seen on screen, and the ancient chair weapon has a supply that easily goes over thousands if full (not sure of the current amount they have on Atlantis
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)