The Ferengi did use a Missile in one episode.
This shocked Picard that the Ferengi were using a Missile to try and destroy a Wormhole. But they didn't want it to hit their shuttle, so they shot it down. In the first episode they fired some kind of whitish blasts that looked sort of like a Torpedo or a disruptor (bolt fire, not beam). That's all I learned about it, but it was apparently supposed to have a Breen-like weapon, but it was never used
The Ferengi were never really used to their full potential. They were great in "Encounter at Farpoint (mentioned as a threat, but never seen). It was the Last Outpost that ruined them.